Davlat mustaqilligini qo`lga kiritgan O`zbekiston Respublikasi milliy davlatchiligini barpo qilish bilan bir qatorda xalqaro maydonda ham o`zining barqaror tashqi va ichki siyosati, buyuk va qadimiy tarixi, takrorlanmas ma`naviy merosi va milliy qadriyatlari bilan dovrug` tarata boshladi.

O`zbekiston davlat suverenitetiga erishganidan keyin o`zbek xalqi tarixini, avvalo, mamlakat tarixshunosligida buzib ko`rsatilgan sovet davri tarixini milliy mustaqillik mafkurasi nuqtai nazaridan tanqidiy mushohada qilish uchun zarur shart-sharoit yuzaga keldi.

Farg`ona vodiysi hududining qulay tabiiy-geografik o`rni va o`ziga xos iqlim sharoiti, bu erda aholini qadimdan joylashib, o`troq dehqonchilik va yarimko`chmanchi chorvachilik bilan shug`ullanib kelishiga zamin yaratgan.

1991 yili O’zbekiston o’zining mustaqilligini e’lon qilishi muhim voqea bo’lib, an’anaviy badiiy hunarmandchilikning rivojida ham o’z ijobiy ta’sirini ko’rsatdi. Davlatimiz mustaqil rivojlanishining ilk bosqichlaridagi iqtisodiy qiyinchiliklarga qaramasdan, madaniyat va amaliy san’at sohasiga alohida e’tibor qaratdi.

XXasr davomida etnologiya fanida boy empirik va nazariy materiallar yig`ildi. O`tgan asrning birinchi yarmida bajarilgan akademik tadqiqotlarda ko`proq o`tmishga aylanayotgan an’anaviy urf-odatlar to`g`risidagi ma’lumotlarni yozib olishga diqqat e’tibor qaratilgan bo`lsa, XXasrning ikkinchi yarmidan boshlab fandagi mavjud vaziyat batamom o`zgardi va etnografik materiallarning amaliy ahamiyati oshdi.

Xalq amaliy san’atini katalogizatsiya, inventarizatsiya qilish – hozirda mavjud bo’lgan an’anaviy xalq hunarmandchilik markazlarini, ustalarni, buyumlarni, badiiy an’analarni etnologik jihatdan qayd qilish, ularni o’rganish masalasi, bugun nafaqat O’zbekiston

O`zbekistonda mustaqil rivojlanish yillarida, jumladan Farg`ona vodiysi qishloq xo`jaligini isloh qilish, paxta yakkahokimligiga barham berish yo`lida katta ishlar qilindi. SHu bilan birga, qishloq xo`jaligidagi islohotlar juda murakkab jarayonlarda amalga oshirilmoqda va buning tarixiy ildizlari mustabid tuzum davriga borib taqaladi.

O’zbekistonning mustaqillikka erishishi xalqimizga o’zligini qaytarib berdi. Buning natijasi o’laroq, hukumatimiz tomonidan iqtisodiy, siyosiy, madaniy hamda ijtimoiy, xususan, ilm-fan sohalarini rivojlantirishga katta e`tibor berildi.

Mustaqillik sharofati bilan bu holatga barham berildi. Istiqlol yillarida o`tmishda qolgan «kamchiliklar»ning salbiy ta’siri bartaraf etildi. Mustaqil O`zbekiston jahonning nufuzli xalqaro tashkilotlari va mamlakatlari bilan siyosiy, iqtisodiy madaniy aloqalarni o`rnatdi.

Shu bilan birga, istiqlol O`zbekiston xalqiga ma`naviy uyg’onish, o`zlikni anglash, boy tarixiy o`tmishini o`rganishga imkon yaratib berdi. Mustaqillik tufayli o`zbek xalqining ko`p asrlik boy tarixiy, ilmiy, madaniy va ma`naviy merosini o`rganish, undan xalqning bebaho mulki sifatida foydalanishga keng yo`l ochildi

Istiqlol tufayli mamlakatimiz tashqi siyosat va diplomatik faoliyat yuritish imkoniyatiga ega bo`ldi. Ma’lumki, 130 yil davom etgan istibdod davrida yurtimiz mustaqil tashqi siyosat yuritish, xorijiy davlatlar va xalqaro nufuzli tashkilotlar bilan mustaqil ravishda aloqalarni o`rnatish,

The Qualification Paper consists of an Introduction, three chapters and a conclusion, which followed by the list of literature used in the course of research. Introduction determines the actuality, scientific novelty, the aim and tasks of the work, its practical value, shows the material that served the basis for executed work.

There are many reasons why we should know diplomatic language and how to write effective diplomatic correspondences, regardless of the type of equipment to which we have access. In the first place, for centuries, maintaining relationships between nations through the exchanges of representatives has been the task of diplomacy.

The actuality of research due to the increased interest of linguists is to study the discursive aspect of the language, the need to further develop the problems associated with the identification of the mechanisms of formation of cohesion and their effects in coherent speech, the need for developing cohesive ties.

The theoretical part of the presented thesis summarizes the knowledge background gained by studying relevant researches and professional publications. On that study the author´s original teaching materials are based. The practical part consists of a brief research; original materials were used in five EFL classes, and consequently their efficiency and utility were examined.

Teaching grammar is difficult aspect of teaching and there are a lot of scholars made researches on it as Woods outlines five different types of grammar: prescriptive and descriptive grammar, traditional grammar, phrase structure grammar, transformational- generative grammar and functional-systemic grammar, Prof. Diane Larsen-Freeman, a world-wide teacher, educator, and researcher in applied linguistics and ELT, not only clarified the term, but insisted on the fact that learners are unable to activate their knowledge of the rules while they attempt to communicate during another part of the lesson or in another context.

The Qualification Paper consists of an introduction, three chapters and a conclusion, which followed by the list of literature used in the course of research. Introduction determines the actuality, scientific novelty, the aim and tasks of the work, methods of research, its practical value, shows the material that served the basis for executed work.

The present Qualification Paper deals with the study of English contracted words in modern English, mainly shortenings in conditions of the world integration and globalization in the course of human activities. All people round the world have the tendency to short the lexical units. The peculiarities of development of the medium by which speakers of a language communicate their thoughts and feelings to others, the tool with which they conduct their business or the government, and the vehicle by which the science, the culture has been transmitted is surely worth of study.

Parzen - Rozenblattning yadroviy bahosini yadro funksiyasiga misollar keltirilib, bahoning dispersiysini minimallashtiruvchi Yeponichnikovning optimal yadro funksiyasi o’rganilgan.

Oliy o`quv yurtlarining ish tajribasiga pedagogik kadrlarning kasbiy faoliyatiga reyting bahosini kiritish shartlari aniqlashdan iborat.